Infranet: Circumventing Web Censorship and Surveillance
by Nick Feamster, Magdalena Balazinska, Greg Harfst, Hari Balakrishnan, David Karger
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| url: | http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~srini/15-744/F09/papers/infranet.pdf | | abstract: | An increasing number of countries and companies rou- tinely block or monitor access to parts of the Internet. To counteract these measures, we propose Infranet, a sys- tem that enables clients to surreptitiously retrieve sensitive content via cooperating Web servers distributed across the global Internet. These Infranet servers provide clients ac- cess to censored sites while continuing to host normal un- censored content. Infranet uses a tunnel protocol that pro- vides a covert communication channel between its clients and servers, modulated over standard HTTP transactions that resemble innocuous Web browsing. In the upstream direction, Infranet clients send covert messages to Infranet servers by associating meaning to the sequence of HTTP requests being made. In the downstream direction, Infranet servers return content by hiding censored data in uncen- sored images using steganographic techniques. We describe the design, a prototype implementation, security properties, and performance of Infranet. Our security analysis shows that Infranet can successfully circumvent several sophisti- cated censoring techniques. |
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